Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Nelayan Penangkap Ikan Cakalang Orang Asli Papua di Kampung Sanoba, Kabupaten Nabire
Developing Business Strategies for Indigenous Papuan Skipjack Tuna Fishermen in Sanoba, Nabire: A SWOT Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58950/jpk.v6i2.95Keywords:
Ikan Cakalang, Nelayan OAP, Strategi Usaha, NabireAbstract
Ikan cakalang merupakan jenis ikan ekonomis penting dan menjadi tujuan penangkapan para nelayan yang bermukim di pesisir Kabupaten Nabire. Nelayan penangkap ikan cakalang Orang Asli Papua (OAP) dalam peningkatan ekonomi keluarga sangat bergantung pada hasil tangkapan ikan cakalang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji strategi pengembangan usaha nelayan OAP penangkap ikan cakalang di Kampung Sanoba, Kabupaten Nabire. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 20 Januari hingga 11 Februari 2026 dan fokusnya pada nelayan OAP yang kesehariannya menangkap ikan cakalang. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis dengan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk merumuskan strategi pengembangan usaha nelayan penangkap ikan cakalang OAP. Analisis faktor eksternal dan internal menggunakan SWOT, IFAS dan EFAS. Daerah penangkapan ikan cakalang cenderung terkonsentrasi di wilayah pesisir yang relatif sempit karena dipengaruhi oleh keterbatasan armada dan teknologi alat tangkap. Hasil tangkapan ikan cakalang sebagai sumber utama ekonomi keluarga dan pendapatan nelayan bersifat fluktuatif karena dipengaruhi oleh faktor musim, kondisi cuaca, ketersediaan sumber daya ikan, harga pasar, serta biaya operasional. Analisis SWOT menunjukkan pengembangan usaha nelayan cakalang memerlukan strategi terpadu yang mengoptimalkan kekuatan internal dan peluang eksternal, sekaligus meminimalkan kelemahan dan ancaman. Nilai total Matriks IFAS menunjukkan kondisi internal nelayan penangkap ikan cakalang OAP berada pada kategori cukup kuat, dengan kekuatan yang relatif lebih dominan dibandingkan kelemahan. Nilai total Matriks EFAS menunjukkan lingkungan eksternal berada pada kategori cukup kuat hingga menguntungkan. Strategi yang dihasilkan diharapkan mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan nelayan, memperkuat kelembagaan usaha, serta mendukung keberlanjutan sumber daya perikanan.
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